Ribeiro 2010: 88; Franceschini 1999: 266; Franceschini 2009: 7; Silva 2005: 125; Silva 2010: 190. Polysemy: 'all / everyone'. Contains the 3SG coreferential prefix tɔ= {to=}. Cf. i=ɾˈa-nia {irania} 'several, some' [Ribeiro 2010: 63; Silva 2010: 190], ka=ɾˈa-nia {karania} [Ribeiro 2010: 66; Silva 2010: 186], mɔ=ɾˈa-nia {morania} 'to count, to check the quantity' [Ribeiro 2010: 73; Silva 2005: 61, 2010: 315]. The stress position is actually attested only for mɔ=ɾˈa-nia {morania} and suggests that the stem should be segmented morphologically, but the details of this are unclear (I tentatively segment -nia {-nia} 'PL'). Cf. also wuat-ʔi {wuatʼi}, which is attested in the meanings 'everything' [Franceschini 1999: 249] and 'every' (as in 'every day') [Ribeiro 2010: 55; Franceschini 2009: 4]. This word is apparently a negation of the future marker, but the path of its semantic evolution remains unknown.
Tapirape:=pãp / =mãp {=pam / =mam}2
Almeida et al. 1983: 42, 71; Praça 2007: 114. A completive suffix, meaning 'to finish' when used independently. It seems that this is the only way to convey the meaning in the language. The morphophonological conditioning of the initial consonant is found in [Almeida et al. 1983: 15]. ŋɨ̃ {gỹ}, translated as 'all' in [Almeida et al. 1983: 69], is actually a marker of animate plurality [Almeida et al. 1983: 45].
Number:2
Word:ashes
Satere-Mawe:ɨwɨɾˈup {ywyrup}1
Ribeiro 2010: 98.
Tapirape:
Not attested.
Number:3
Word:bark
Satere-Mawe:ɨ=pˈɛ {ype}1
Ribeiro 2010: 97. Can refer to surfaces of tree trunks, roots, fruits and seeds. Distinct fom i=ʔˈa=pɛ ~ y=a=ʔˈa=pɛ {iʼape ~ jaʼape} 'fruit peel' [Franceschini 1999: 177; Silva 2005: 46, 75; Silva 2010: 108].
Almeida et al. 1983: 31. The form t=ãwɨ [Almeida et al. 1983: 80] is most likely a typo. Prefixed forms: =ɾ=awɨ {=rawy} (1, 2SG) / =n=awɨ {=nawy} (2PL) / awɨ {awy} (3).
Number:8
Word:black
Satere-Mawe:
Tapirape:õn {on}1
Almeida et al. 1983: 84. Never occurs with prefixes. Cf. mo=õn {moon} 'to paint black' [Praça 2007: 121].
Ribeiro 2010: 80; Silva 2005: 54; Silva 2010: 316. The stem is not attested without prefixes; *mɔtiʔˈa {*motiʼa} would be expected.
Tapirape:kɨ̃m {kym}2
Almeida et al. 1983: 82. Distinct from maɕiʔã {maxihã} 'upper part of breast' [Almeida et al. 1983: 83]. Cited in [Praça 2007: 76] as 'udder'.
Number:11
Word:breast
Satere-Mawe:
Tapirape:ɨwɨ̃y {ywỹj}3
Almeida et al. 1983: 88. Distinct from maɕiʔã {maxihã} 'upper part of breast' [Almeida et al. 1983: 83].
Number:12
Word:burn tr.
Satere-Mawe:wuk {wuk}1
Ribeiro 2010: 95; Franceschini 1999: 135; Silva 2010: 164. Silva [2010: 256] also quotes tu {tu}, but wuk {wuk} is much more extensively represented in the consulted sources.
Tapirape:ãpɨ {ãpy}2
Almeida et al. 1983: 79; Praça 2007: 61. Distinct from kãy {kãj} [Almeida et al. 1983: 82; Praça 2007: 175], which is intransitive.
Almeida et al. 1983: 84. Prefixed form: =pɨ=ãpe {=pyãpe}.
Number:14
Word:cloud
Satere-Mawe:ɨwɨhˈĩːŋ {ywyhĩg}1
Silva 2005: 72; Silva 2010: 94. Vowel length in this position is not contrastive, according to Silva. Ribeiro [2010: 98] glosses this root as 'dew'. ʔiʔãnãm {ʼiʼanam}, glossed as 'cloud' in [Silva 2005: 50], actually means 'rain' [Franceschini 1999: 185; Silva 2005: 40, 80, 89, 121].
Tapirape:ãmɨ̃n=ãip {amynãip}2
Almeida et al. 1983: 78. Never occurs with prefixes.
Almeida et al. 1983: 84. Never occurs with prefixes. Applied to water and wind.
Number:16
Word:come
Satere-Mawe:=iˈɔt / =ut {=iot / =ut}1
Ribeiro 2010: 77, 89; Franceschini 1999: 197, 200, 242, 268, 272 (=ʔut {=ʼut}); Franceschini 2009: 8; Silva 2010: 142, 196, 208; Graham, Graham & Harrison 1977: 5, 9. The former allomorph is used in 1SG and 2SG (a=ɾ=iˈɔt {ariot}, ɛ=ɾ=iˈɔt {eriot}), the latter is found in 3SG (t=ut ~ t=uːt {tut ~ tūt}). Plural: =ɔ̃ʔˈɛ {=õʼe} [Ribeiro 2010: 89; Franceschini 1999: 45, 209 (=(ʔ)ɔŋʔˈɛ {=(ʼ)og̃ʼe}); Silva 2010: 333; Graham, Graham & Harrison 1977: 9 (=õʔˈẽ {=õʼẽ})]. Distinct from putʔˈok {putʼok} 'to arrive' [Ribeiro 2010: 81; Franceschini 1999: 94; Silva 2010: 158; Graham, Graham & Harrison 1977: 9 (pitʔˈok {pitʼok})].
Tapirape:ɕat {xat}1
Almeida et al. 1983: 86; Praça 2007: 177. Glossed as 'to arrive', but translated as 'to come' in many examples throughout the grammar (cf. [Almeida et al. 1983: 39, 49, 51]). 3: ʔot {hot}, second indicative: i=t=oɾ-i {itori}, gerund: =ʔot-a {=hota} [Almeida et al. 1983: 43; Praça 2007: 97]. Distinct from waẽm {waem} 'to arrive' [Praça 2007: 208].
Almeida et al. 1983: 56, 86; Praça 2007: 91. Never occurs with prefixes. Distinct from eymãw 'pet' which is often used to denote dogs belonging to someone [Praça 2007: 123].
Number:19
Word:drink
Satere-Mawe:ʔu {ʼu}1
Ribeiro 2010: 88; Franceschini 1999: 129; Silva 2010: 130; Graham, Graham & Harrison 1977: 7. Polysemy: 'to eat / to drink'. Cf. we=ʔu=ʔˈu ~ we=u=ʔˈu {weʼuʼu ~ weuʼu}, glossed as 'to drink' in [Ribeiro 2010: 95; Silva 2005: 125; Silva 2010: 207].
Tapirape:ʔɨ=ʔo ~ ɨ=ʔo {hyho ~ yho}1
Almeida et al. 1983: 88 (ɨ=ʔo {yho}); Praça 2007: 133 (ʔɨ=ʔo {hyho}). Intransitive (in fact, it already contains an incorporated object, ʔɨ {hy} 'water').
Number:20
Word:dry
Satere-Mawe:ŋãŋ {g̃ag̃}1
Ribeiro 2010: 56, 61; Silva 2005: 41. Also attested as ỹãŋ {j̃ag̃} [Silva 2010: 132, 282].
Ribeiro 2010: 88; Franceschini 1999: 67; Silva 2005: 126; Silva 2010: 136; Graham, Graham & Harrison 1977: 7. Polysemy: 'to eat / to drink'.
Tapirape:ʔo {ho}1
Almeida et al. 1983: 81; Praça 2007: 21.
Number:23
Word:eat
Satere-Mawe:wɛ=nˈuk {wenuk}2
Ribeiro 2010: 54; Franceschini 1999: 195, 272; Silva 2010: 287; Graham, Graham & Harrison 1977: 3. A reflexive derivate of nuk 'to feed', used as the intransitive verb 'to eat'.
Tapirape:kaɾ=õ {karõ}3
Almeida et al. 1983: 82 (cited as kãɾ=o {kãro}, which must be a typo); Praça 2007: 189, 202, 208. Intransitive. The form ɕeʔak {xehak} [Almeida et al. 1983: 87] is possibly synonymous but it is not found in any example.
Almeida et al. 1983: 84 (opiʔã {opihã}); Praça 2007: 57 (opiʔa {opiha}). Never occurs with prefixes, according to [Almeida et al. 1983], but cf. =ɾ=opiʔa {=ropiha} [Praça 2007: 57].
Almeida et al. 1983: 83; Praça 2007: 116. Polysemy: 'to give / to send'. Historically a causative from the verb 'to take'. Distinct from mã=ɨ̃y {mãỹj} 'to give away' [Almeida et al. 1983: 83; Praça 2007: 254], which is apparently a causative from ʔɨ̃y {hỹj} 'to sit'.
Number:33
Word:give
Satere-Mawe:
Tapirape:m=ot {mot}3
Praça 2007: 61, 83, 118, 177. A causative of 'to come'. Translated as 'to search' in [Almeida et al. 1983: 84], but it is found in numerous examples throughout [Praça 2007] where it definitely means 'to give'.
Ribeiro 2010: 62; Silva 2010: 312. Silva [2010: 124] also quotes i=kɨt {ikyt} in this meaning, but elsewhere [Ribeiro 2010: 62; Silva 2010: 313] this word is glossed as 'fat'.
Tapirape:kaʔa=kɨɾã-maʔe {kahakyramahe}2
Almeida et al. 1983: 82. Derived from kaʔa {kaha} 'forest'. Cf. ʔãwãɕi=kɨɾ-a {hãwãxikyra} 'green corn' [Praça 2007: 200].
Almeida et al. 1983: 81; Praça 2007: 135. Although it looks very much like h=ãp {ham} 'feather', they seem to belong to different morphophonological classes.
Almeida et al. 1983: 82 (kãnawã {kanawã}); Praça 2007: 57 (kãnãwã {kanãwã}). Distinct from ʔãnawɨt {hanawyt} 'the back of the knee'.
Number:45
Word:know
Satere-Mawe:ŋuˈap / =kuˈap {g̃uap / =kuap}1
Ribeiro 2010: 67; Franceschini 1999: 73, 276; Franceschini 2009: 5, 6; Silva 2005: 125; Silva 2010: 100, 166, 171, 285; Graham, Graham & Harrison 1977: 2. Polysemy: 'to know / to be acquainted / to accept (an advice) / to understand / to hear / to know how to'.
Tapirape:kwaãp ~ kwããp {qaam ~ qãam}1
Almeida et al. 1983: 85 (kwaãp {qaam}); Praça 2007: 83 (kwããp {qãam}). Grammaticalized as the marker of the capacitive aspect [Almeida et al. 1983: 42].
Number:46
Word:leaf
Satere-Mawe:ɨ=hˈɔp ~ ʔɨ=hˈɔp {yhop ~ ʼyhop}1
Ribeiro 2010: 97; Franceschini 1999: 125 (ʔɨ=hɔp {ʼyhop}); Silva 2010: 199, 349. Polysemy: 'leaf / money'. Silva [2005: 123; Silva 2010: 312] also quotes the form yu=ˈɔp {yuop}, which is likely the same root. Ribeiro [2010: 51, 60, 61] attests also upˈip {upip}, which might actually mean 'straw' [Ribeiro 2010: 85].
Tapirape:h=ap {hap}1
Almeida et al. 1983: 79. Only 3.
Number:47
Word:lie
Satere-Mawe:ʔɔp {ʼop}1
Silva 2010: 309.
Tapirape:ɕop {xop}1
Almeida et al. 1983: 87; Praça 2007: 97. 3: ʔop {hop}, second indicative: i=tow-i {itowi}, gerund: =ʔop-a {=hopa} [Almeida et al. 1983: 43; Praça 2007: 97]. The verb is translated as 'to stand' in [Almeida et al. 1983: 87], but this is not supported by any available examples.
Almeida et al. 1983: 84 (mɨʔã {myha}); Praça 2007: 58 (mɨʔa {myha}). Prefixed forms: =pɨʔã ~ =pɨʔa {=pyhã ~ =pyha}. Note that in some suffixed instances the form mɨʔã {myhã} is still attested in [Praça 2007] ([Praça 2007: 58, 66]).
Ribeiro 2010: 61, 99; Silva 2010: 123, 192. Distinct from pˈɔːt-ʔi {pōtʼi} [Ribeiro 2010: 83; Franceschini 1999: 272], which is derived from mɔːt {mōt} 'to take time' and likely means 'a long time, ancient'.
Silva 2005: 46, 87, 121 (i=a=ʔatˈuk-kahatˈɔ {iaʼatuk kahato}); Silva 2010: 142, 190. Cf. tɨːpˈɨ-ʔi {tȳpyʼi} (two-NEG) 'many (of people)' [Silva 2010: 190]; pɔi̯tˈɨ {poity} 'to be numerous' [Franceschini 1999: 62] (also attested as pɔi̯tˈɨ-ʔi {poityʼi} as a modifier for the word for 'diarrhea' [Silva 2010: 346]).
Tapirape:wetepe {wetepe}4
Almeida et al. 1983: 46; Praça 2007: 151. Cf. ʔɨ̃ŋa {hyga}, cited in [Almeida et al. 1983: 47] (unlike ete {ete} and niwãɕãy {niwãxãj} [ibid.], it can apparently be used with nouns), which is absent from [Praça 2007].
Number:52
Word:many
Satere-Mawe:kahatˈɔ {kahato}2
Ribeiro 2010: 66; Franceschini 1999: 41; Silva 2005: 74; Silva 2010: 190. Usually attested in the meaning 'very' [Franceschini 1999: 185, 253; Franceschini 2009: 4; Silva 2005: 74; Silva 2010: 161, 162, 229]. Polysemy: 'many / very'.
Ribeiro 2010: 61, 68, 84 (sɛːsˈɛ ~ sɛsˈɛː {sēse ~ sesē}); Franceschini 1999: 40 (sɛsˈɛ {sese}). Attested in the meaning 'very, much, a lot' in [Franceschini 1999: 192; Silva 2010: 137] and in the meaning 'right (direction)' in [Silva 2005: 122; Silva 2010: 192]. Polysemy: 'many / very / much / a lot / right (direction)'.
Almeida et al. 1983: 80; Praça 2007: 255. Never occurs prefixed. Glossed as 'people', but since it is featured in compounds such as ãwã-ʔɨão {ãwãhyão} 'young man' and ɕe-ma-ãwã {xemaãwã} 'to grow (up)', the meaning 'person' can presumably be conveyed by the same root.
Almeida et al. 1983: 22, 30, 85; Praça 2007: 100. Prefixed form: =piɾɨ̃ŋ {piryg}. The generic form is cited as piɾɨ̃ŋ {piryg} in [Almeida et al. 1983: 30, 85] and as miɾɨ̃ŋ {miryg} in [Almeida et al. 1983: 22].
Ribeiro 2010: 59; Franceschini 1999: 42; Franceschini 2009: 8; Silva 2005: 48, 120. According to Silva [2010: 201], this is a diminutive marker, but the root is marked as a descriptive verb in [Ribeiro 2010].
Tapirape:t=ãʔɨt {ãhyt}3
Almeida et al. 1983: 79. Prefixed forms: =ɾ=ãʔɨt {=rãhyt} (1, 2SG) / =n=ãʔɨt {=nãhyt} (2PL) / t=ãʔɨt {tãhyt} (3). Polysemy: 'small / son (of a man)'. Cf. diminutive/atenuative =(ʔ)i {=(h)i} [Almeida et al. 1983: 55; Praça 2007: 47].
Silva 2005: 59; Silva 2010: 319. Translated as 'dust' by Ribeiro [2010: 97].
Tapirape:
Not attested.
Number:79
Word:stand
Satere-Mawe:ʔãm ~ ɨˈãm {ʼam ~ yam}1
Ribeiro 2010: 97; Franceschini 2009: 5 (=ʔaːm {=ʼām}); Silva 2010: 311; Graham, Graham & Harrison 1977: 19.
Tapirape:ʔɨ̃m {hym}1
Almeida et al. 1983: 59; Praça 2007: 196. The verb ɕop {xop} is translated as 'to stand' in [Almeida et al. 1983: 87], but in all available examples it rather means 'to lie'.
Praça 2007: 60. The diminutive ɕãɨ=tãtã-ʔi {xãytãtãhi} is found even more often ([Almeida et al. 1983: 87; Praça 2007: 149]). Compound: 'moon=fire'.
Ribeiro 2010: 71; Franceschini 1999: 59. Hanging / horizontal / vertical. Determining demonstratives used for non-abstract entities. Distinct forms are used for abstract entities (miˈɔ {mio}), for entities that are parts of other entities (mɛi̯=muˈɛ {meimue}), as well as for demonstrative pronouns, which substitute entire NPs (note that these operate within a ternary deictic opposition: =...- {=...-} 'proximal' / =ɛ- {=e-} 'medial' / =i- {=i-} 'distal', unlike determiners, which constitute a binary proximal/distal opposition). These pronouns are described as determiners in [Silva 2010: 181].
Tapirape:e=pe ~ pe {epe ~ pe}1
Almeida et al. 1983: 45; Praça 2007: 81. Used for vertically oriented long objects, standing people and lying short objects.
Number:85
Word:that
Satere-Mawe:
Tapirape:e=kʷe ~ kʷe {eqe ~ qe}2
Almeida et al. 1983: 45; Praça 2007: 81. Used for lying long objects or people, long objects or people in action and suspended short objects.
Number:85
Word:that
Satere-Mawe:
Tapirape:e=wi ~ e=wĩ ~ wi ~ wĩ {ewi ~ ewĩ ~ wi ~ wĩ}3
Almeida et al. 1983: 45 (e=wi ~ wi {ewi ~ wi}); Praça 2007: 81, 82 (e=wĩ ~ wĩ {ewĩ ~ wĩ}). Used for long objects set against something, sitting people and lifted short objects.
Ribeiro 2010: 70; Franceschini 1999: 59. Hanging / horizontal / vertical. Determining demonstratives used for non-abstract entities. Distinct forms are used for abstract entities (miˈɔ {mio}), for entities that are parts of other entities (mɛi̯=mˈɛ {meime}), as well as for demonstrative pronouns, which substitute entire NPs (note that these operate within a ternary deictic opposition: =...- {=...-} 'proximal' / =ɛ- {=e-} 'medial' / =i- {=i-} 'distal', unlike determiners, which constitute a binary proximal/distal opposition). These pronouns are described as determiners in [Silva 2010: 181].
Tapirape:ʔã {hã}2
Almeida et al. 1983: 45; Praça 2007: 81. Used for vertically oriented long objects, standing people and lying short objects. Cf. ka=ã-ŋã {kaagã} (used for objects located very close).
Number:86
Word:this
Satere-Mawe:
Tapirape:ka {ka}3
Almeida et al. 1983: 45; Praça 2007: 81. Used for lying long objects or people, long objects or people in action and suspended short objects. Cf. ka=kã-ŋã {kakagã} (used for objects located very close).
Number:86
Word:this
Satere-Mawe:
Tapirape:ʔɨ̃ {hỹ}4
Almeida et al. 1983: 45; Praça 2007: 81. Used for long objects set against something, sitting people and lifted short objects. Cf. ka=ɨ̃-ŋã {kaygã} (used for objects located very close).
Number:87
Word:thou
Satere-Mawe:e-n ~ eː-n {en}1
Ribeiro 2010: 54; Franceschini 1999: 63; Franceschini 2009: 6; Silva 2005: 70, 72; Silva 2010: 94, 174; Graham, Graham & Harrison 1977: 12. Vowel length in this position is not contrastive, according to Silva.
Ribeiro 2010: 50, 51, 78, 84, 87, 97, 98; Franceschini 2009: 8. The form mi=kˈɔi̯ {mikoi} has a more general meaning 'plant' and is derived from kˈɔi̯ {koi} 'to cultivate'.
Ribeiro 2010: 48; Franceschini 1999: 63; Silva 2010: 174; Graham, Graham & Harrison 1977: 12. Inclusive.
Tapirape:ɕãne {xane}3
Almeida et al. 1983: 17; Praça 2007: 77.
Number:95
Word:we2
Satere-Mawe:uɾu-tˈɔ {uruto}2
Ribeiro 2010: 91; Franceschini 1999: 63; Silva 2005: 56; Silva 2010: 174; Graham, Graham & Harrison 1977: 12. Exclusive.
Tapirape:aɾe {are}2
Almeida et al. 1983: 17; Praça 2007: 77.
Number:96
Word:what
Satere-Mawe:kãn {kan}1
Ribeiro 2010: 66; Silva 2010: 234.
Tapirape:maʔe {mahe}2
Almeida et al. 1983: 57; Praça 2007: 78.
Number:97
Word:white
Satere-Mawe:=kɨtsˈĩŋ {=kytsig̃}1
Ribeiro 2010: 62; Franceschini 1999: 107; Silva 2005: 47; Silva 2010: 104. Polysemy: 'white / clean'. Ribeiro [2010: 69] also quotes kˈɨt-ʔi {kytʼi} in this meaning, but in all available examples this form is used to specify species.
Almeida et al. 1983: 51; Praça 2007: 153. Note that (e=)pe=wo(-ɕe) {(e)pewo(xe)} is also translated as 'far', but its usage is parallel with that of (ʔ=)ã=wo(-ɕe) {(h)ãwo(xe)} 'close here', which makes it a part of the deictic system. Cf. mã=mõ {mamõ} 'where to' [Almeida et al. 1983: 57].
Ribeiro 2010: 81 (pɨa=hˈĩn-ʔi {pyahinʼi}); Silva 2005: 124 (pɨa=hˈĩŋ {pyahig̃}). Silva [2010: 192] also quotes the form ɨt=pɨˈa-ʔi, {ytpyaʼi} which is a negation of 'far'.
Tapirape:ãyɕe {ãjxe}2
Praça 2007: 153. Cf. ɨpɨ-pe {ypype} [Almeida et al. 1983: 52], which is not an adverb but a postposition (ɨpɨ̃ne {ypyne} [Almeida et al. 1983: 88] must be a typo).